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New cation-exchange membranes for hyperfiltration processes
Velden van der, P.M. and Smolders, C.A. (1977) New cation-exchange membranes for hyperfiltration processes. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 21 (6). pp. 1445-1457. ISSN 0021-8995
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| Abstract: | A new route for the preparation of cation exchange membranes from polystyrene-polyisoprene-polystyrene (SIS) block copolymers has been studied, using N-chlorosulfonyl isocyanate. At temperatures of 0° to 20°C, N-chlorosulfonyl isocyanate reacts readily with the olefin group in polyisoprenes, resulting in a β-lactam-N-sulfonyl chloride group. Films of this product can be cast which are hydrolyzed afterwards with aqueous ammonia at room temperature to give a membrane with ionic sulfonate and neutral carbamoyl groups. Homogeneous membranes are prepared with an SIS block copolymer as starting material and with mole ratios of N-chlorosulfonyl isocyanate/isoprene between 15% and 45%. In hyperfiltration experiments at 40 atmospheres, both NaCl and Na2SO4 are rejected up to 82%, while fluxes of 0.25 to 0.30 cm3/cm2·hr are obtained. From permeation and hyperfiltration experiments, it is concluded that the weight fraction of membrane water has a large influence on the flux. The water content in the membrane during the hyperfiltration process is primarily determined by the applied pressure, the type of salt, and its concentration. |
| Item Type: | Article |
| Copyright: | © 1977 Wiley InterScience |
| Link to this item: | http://purl.utwente.nl/publications/70798 |
| Official URL: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1977.070210601 |
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