Reduced zinc oxide levels in sulphur vulcanisation of rubber compounds : mechanistic aspects of the role of activators and multifunctional additives

Heideman, Geert (2004) Reduced zinc oxide levels in sulphur vulcanisation of rubber compounds : mechanistic aspects of the role of activators and multifunctional additives. thesis.

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Abstract:	This thesis has been devoted to a great many different possibilities to reduce the level of ZnO in rubber compounds, with emphasis on the development of a new type of activator. It must be realised that vulcanisation is a complex process, whereby many ingredients and parameters play an important role. ZnO and zinc-containing species are considered indispensable for the vulcanisation process and certainly difficult to substitute. Long-term solutions for the reduction of emissions of zinc into the environment should be focused on the development of new and effective concepts for completely new zinc-free vulcanisation systems. Short-term strategies will be mainly concentrated on reduced dosages of zinc and a higher chemical activity, combined with an increased solubilisation. In this respect progress has been made by the development of the ZnClay. In summary, the research described in this thesis combines a pragmatic in-rubber investigation and a fundamental study of the chemistry all through the vulcanisation reactions cascade. It has contributed to a better understanding of the role of the activator in the sulphur vulcanisation process.
Item Type:	Thesis
Research Group:	Elastomer Technology and Engineering (ETE)
Link to this item:	http://purl.utwente.nl/publications/41718
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